These tables give a compact, at‑a‑glance overview of common contaminants in void or heavily contaminated properties, matched to UK‑buyable products, key actives, basic application notes, and any softer or budget alternatives. They are intended purely as a quick reference to likely options and trade‑offs, not as exhaustive guidance or professional advice.
Void & Condemned Property Biohazard, Contamination & Pest Reference
UK Legal Products – OTC / Online Buyable & Habitable Occupancy Safe
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SECTION 1: INANIMATE FILTH, CONTAMINANTS & STRUCTURAL
Chart 1A: Human Biohazards (Solids & Fluids)
| Hazard / Contaminant | Product (OTC) | Active Agent / Ingredient | Type / Application | Safe For / Re-Entry | Retailer / Outlet | Alternative / Budget Option |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Faeces – Dried/Smeared (Human) | Chemspec Enz-All | Proteolytic Enzymes (pH 11.5) | Powder – Mix with water, spray, dwell 15-30 mins | Safe immediately after drying (2 hours). Can remain in property. Ventilate room. | World of Clean / Restormate / Amazon | Baking soda + white vinegar + washing-up liquid: Mix 2 cups warm water, 2 tbsp baking soda, 1 tbsp vinegar, 1 tsp dish soap. Apply, wait 10 mins, scrub. Less effective on set stains; requires multiple applications. NOT recommended for professional use but works on fresh deposits. |
| Vomit – Dried/Set | Chemspec Enz-All | Proteolytic Enzymes | Powder spray with dwell | 2 hours, well-ventilated | World of Clean / Amazon | White vinegar 1:1 with water: Spray, leave 30 mins, scrub with brush. Neutralises smell but does not fully digest proteins. Repeat 2-3 times for old stains. |
| Diarrhoea / Liquid Faeces | Sanitaire Emergency Powder | Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP) | Granules – sprinkle directly, leave 5 mins, sweep | Immediate once swept (goes in bin, not drain) | Screwfix / Amazon / Arco | Kitchen towel + baking soda: Blot up, sprinkle baking soda, leave 15 mins, sweep. Only works on fresh spills. |
| Blood – Fresh Spill | Sanitaire Emergency Powder | Super Absorbent Polymer | Granules applied to wet spot | Immediate (non-toxic) | Screwfix / Amazon | Paper towel + salt: Salt crystallises blood proteins. Blot, sprinkle salt, leave 10 mins, sweep. Moderate effectiveness. |
| Blood – Dried on Hard Surface | Chemspec Enz-All or dilute Harpic | Enzymes OR Hydrochloric Acid (weak) | Spray/soak then scrub | 2 hours ventilation | Amazon / Supermarkets | White vinegar (50%) + hot water: Soak for 15 mins, scrub. Works on non-porous only (tiles, concrete). |
| Urine – Fresh Puddle (Human) | Prochem Urine Neutraliser (B153) | Citric Acid & Surfactants | Spray on, blot with cloth | Immediate once blotted and surface dried | CleanStore / Alliance UK / Amazon | White vinegar 1:1 water: Spray, let sit 10 mins, blot. Effective for fresh spills. Smell neutralises pH. |
| Urine – Dried/Ammonia Crystals (Carpet/Wood) | Prochem Urine Neutraliser or Urine Off | Acidic Neutraliser / Enzymatic | Saturation spray, must soak underlay/wood | 6-12 hours drying (MUST ventilate – ammonia is respiratory hazard) | CleanStore / Amazon / Pets at Home | Baking soda + white vinegar (equal parts water): Saturate area, let
sit 1
hour,
blot. Repeat 2-3 times. Must also treat underlay or wood will retain smell.
Professional
advice:
requires direct saturation of affected material (wood/carpet backing), not surface
spray. Note: You can also use the same preparations as those for animal urine (see Cat & Dog Urine or search ‘Urine’ above). |
| Semen – Fresh / Wet (Bedding/Upholstery) | Chemspec Enz-All | Proteolytic Enzymes | Light enzyme pre-spray, dwell 15-30 mins, then blot and rinse or launder at 40–60°C | Safe once fabric is dry (≈2 hours in ventilated room) | World of Clean / Restormate / Amazon | DIY mix (baking soda + white vinegar + washing-up liquid): Small quantity applied to stain, blot and repeat as needed. Less effective on set stains; not recommended for professional jobs. |
| Semen – Dried / Set (Fabric/Carpet) | Chemspec Enz-All | Proteolytic Enzymes | Pre-wet stained area with enzyme solution, dwell 30 mins, lightly agitate, then blot/extract | Safe after full drying (around 2 hours with ventilation) | World of Clean / Restormate / Amazon | DIY mix as above; usually requires multiple applications and is slower. Use only as budget option. |
| Saliva (Spit) – Fresh (Hard Floor/Wall) | Neutral detergent or dilute enzyme cleaner | Surfactants (or enzymes) | Spray, wipe with disposable cloth, then rinse wipe | Immediate once surface is wiped dry; brief ventilation for odour only | Supermarkets / Amazon (any neutral floor cleaner or Enz-All dilute) | Warm water + washing-up liquid on cloth, single-use towel to wipe and bin. |
| Saliva (Spit) – Dried (Hard Surface) | Chemspec Enz-All (dilute) or Sugar Soap | Enzymes OR Alkaline Detergent | Pre-spray, allow 5–10 mins to soften, then wipe and rinse | Immediate once wiped and surface is dry | World of Clean / Supermarkets | Warm water + Sugar Soap or washing-up liquid, scrub with non-scratch pad. |
| Sweat / Body Odour – Textiles (Mattress Toppers, Sofas) | Valet Pro Enzyme Odour Eater OR Chemspec Enz-All pre-spray | Biological Enzymes | Light spray, 20-min dwell, then hot water extraction or machine wash if cover removable | Immediate once fully dry (4–6 hours for deep upholstery) | Amazon / World of Clean | Hot wash (>40°C) with standard detergent; repeat if odour persists. For non-removable items: bicarbonate of soda overnight then vacuum, followed by vinegar/water mist. |
| Nasal Mucus (Snot) – Fresh/Dried Smears (Walls/Doors) | Sugar Soap solution OR dilute Enz-All | Alkaline Detergent OR Enzymes | Spray, allow 5–10 mins to soften dried mucus, wipe with cloth, then rinse | Immediate after wipe-down and light ventilation | B&Q / Wickes / World of Clean | Warm water + washing-up liquid; for heavy smears repeat once softened. Disposable cloths recommended. |
| Decomposition Fluid (Post-Mortem Purge) | Virkon S Tablets/Powder | Pentapotassium bis(peroxymonosulphate) Oxidiser | Mix with water (1 tablet : 0.5L water), drench affected area | Must ventilate 4-6 hours (highly odorous, potential pathogenic). NOT safe for habitation during treatment | Amazon / Agricultural Suppliers / Viovet | White vinegar + baking soda: Ineffective. Virkon S is mandatory for post-mortem cleanup due to pathogen load. No household alternative recommended. |
Chart 1B: Animal Biohazards (Pet Waste – Indoor)
| Hazard / Contaminant | Product (OTC) | Active Agent | Type / Application | Safe For / Re-Entry | Retailer | Alternative |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cat & Dog Urine / Faeces – Fitted Carpet & Underlay | Prochem Urine Neutraliser OR Urine Off (Cat/Dog Formula) | Enzymatic / Acidic (targets pet urine salts & soft faecal residues) | Remove solids first (scoop into bag). Saturation spray – MUST soak carpet, underlay and any visibly affected subfloor. Allow 10–15 mins dwell, then blot or wet‑vac extract; repeat on heavy contamination. | 6–8 hours drying. VENTILATE (ammonia released). Habitable after drying, but odour may persist if underlay or subfloor is not fully treated. | Pets at Home / CleanStore / Amazon | White vinegar (50%) + baking soda: For light soiling, mix equal parts vinegar and water, spray until carpet is damp, sprinkle baking soda, leave overnight, vacuum. Repeat 2×. Softer, cheaper option but less effective than enzymatic products; use as fallback when trade‑grade products are unavailable. |
| Cat & Dog Urine / Faeces – Sofas, Rugs & Other Soft Furnishings | Prochem Urine Neutraliser OR Urine Off (Fabric/Upholstery) | Enzymatic / Acidic (pet urine / soft faecal residues) | Remove solids carefully (lift, do not smear). Lightly saturate affected fabric surface (do not flood foam), allow 10–15 mins dwell, then blot or wet‑vac extract. For loose rugs, follow with a 40–60°C machine wash if care label allows. | Immediate once fully dry (typically 4–6 hours). Use fans/windows to speed drying; prolonged damp increases mould risk inside cushions. | Pets at Home / CleanStore / Amazon | White vinegar (50%) + mild detergent: For small, recent spots, mist onto area, gently work in with cloth, blot, then rinse‑blot with clean water. Soft, low‑toxicity option; for heavy or repeated soiling, enzyme products above are strongly preferred. |
| Cat & Dog Urine / Faeces – Hard Floors & Skirting (Wood, Laminate, Vinyl, Tiles) | Prochem Urine Neutraliser OR Urine Off (Hard Surface) | Acidic Deodoriser / Enzymes | Wipe up solids and excess liquid first. Spray affected area and any gaps between boards/at skirting line, allow 5–10 mins dwell, then wipe or mop. For wood that has dark urine burns, repeat once fully dry. | Must be left clean and dry. Typically safe for normal use again after 1–2 hours with good ventilation; badly soaked timber may need 8–12 hours to dry through. | Pets at Home / CleanStore / Amazon | White vinegar (undiluted on tiles/vinyl, 50% on wood): Apply with spray bottle or cloth, leave 5–10 mins, then wipe dry. Soft, low‑cost option for mild odour; enzyme products above give better results on long‑term or repeated wetting. |
| Pigeon Guano (Balcony/Windowsill) | Suma Bac D10 OR Evans Protect | Quaternary Ammonium Biocide | Spray‑dampen guano BEFORE scraping (critical – airborne spore hazard). | Immediate. MUST wear P3 mask during removal (Psittacosis/Cryptococcus risk). Safe after cleanup. | Diversey Stockists / Amazon / Nisbets | Bleach (neat 3.5%): Spray guano, leave 10 mins, scrape wearing gloves/mask. Less effective than specialist biocide but kills surface bacteria. Always dampen first regardless of product to prevent spore release. |
| Dead Animal (Rodent/Bird) Odour – Indoors | SmellAway Odour Absorber (Carbon bag) OR Virkon S | Activated Carbon / Oxidiser | Passive bags placed in room OR Virkon spray on any visible residue area. | Carbon bags = immediate, no ventilation needed. Virkon spray = 2–4 hours ventilation. Habitable after. | Amazon / SmellAway Direct / Agricultural Suppliers | Baking soda powder: Sprinkle throughout room, leave 24 hours, vacuum. Safe, very low‑cost, effective for mild odour but cannot decompose biological residue if body not found. Carbon bags above give stronger odour capture when the carcass cannot be located. |
Chart 1C: Kitchen / Food Waste & Grease Contamination
| Hazard / Contaminant | Product (OTC) | Active Agent | Type / Application | Safe For / Re-Entry | Retailer | Alternative |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Polymerised Cooking Fat (Cupboards/Walls) | Evans Vanodine Lift | Sodium Hydroxide (Caustic Alkali) | Spray on, wait 5 minutes, wipe/squeegee | Immediate once wiped down (2 hours for full drying). Caustic residue must be rinsed. Can remain in home but keep children/pets away from treated surfaces whilst wet. | CleanStore / Amazon | Washing-up liquid (Fairy/Persil) + boiling water: Spray neat onto fat, pour boiling water over, wait 10 mins, scrub with sponge. LESS effective on cooked-on grease >2mm thick. Works well on fresh/warm grease. |
| Oven / Hob Carbon Deposits | Evans Oven Cleaner Gel | Potassium Hydroxide (Caustic) | Thick gel – paint on, wait 20-30 mins, scrape with plastic scraper | 2 hours ventilation (caustic fumes). Scrape residue into bin, DO NOT flush. Can re-occupy after ventilation. | CleanStore / Amazon | Baking soda paste + white vinegar: Make paste, spread on carbon, leave 15 mins, scrub hard. Slow process. Not recommended for industrial buildup. |
| Rotten Food in Fridge | Valet Pro Enzyme Odour Eater OR Virkon S spray | Biological Enzymes OR Oxidiser | Spray inside fridge (keep away from electrics), leave door open 2 hours | Immediate (no toxicity risk to food once dry). Fridge can be used after ventilation. Food-safe product. | Amazon / Agricultural Suppliers | White vinegar spray: Spray inside, wipe down, leave door open 2 hours. Effective on smell, safe around food preparation. |
| Food Waste in Carpet (Rotting) | Chemspec Enz-All + Jeyes Fluid sequence | Enzymes first (protein digestion), then disinfectant | Enz-All: spray, dwell 20 mins. Then Jeyes Fluid: spray, dwell 10 mins, extract with wet vac | 4 hours ventilation (Jeyes is aromatic). Must extract liquid fully or mould will grow. Habitable after. | World of Clean / Tesco / Asda | Baking soda overnight, then vinegar/water rinse: Sprinkle baking soda heavily, leave 12 hours, vacuum, then spray white vinegar 50/50 with water, blot dry. Slow but effective for mild rot. |
Chart 1D: Structural Damage (Mould, Damp, Decay)
| Hazard / Contaminant | Product (OTC) | Active Agent | Type / Application | Safe For / Re-Entry | Retailer | Alternative |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Black Mould (Stachybotrys – Toxic) | ACS Mould Wash Concentrate | Benzalkonium Chloride Biocide | Mix concentrate with water (follow label), scrub-wash affected area, dwell 10-15 mins | Immediate once rinsed (2 hours if surface still wet). NOT respiratory hazard like bleach. Can remain in home. Spray bottle application. | Platinum Chemicals / Amazon | White vinegar (undiluted): Spray mould, leave 1 hour, scrub. Kills ~82% of mould species but doesn’t penetrate porous materials. Requires repeated applications (every 1-2 weeks). Professional consensus: vinegar works on non-porous (tiles) but fails on wood/plaster – roots regrow. |
| Green Algae / Slime (Damp Walls) | Patio Magic! OR Sika Mould Buster | Benzalkonium Chloride | Pour on or spray, leave 2-4 weeks (it works slowly but prevents regrowth) | Immediate (no fumes). May take 4 weeks to fully kill. Can occupy whilst product works. No re-entry delay. | B&Q / Wickes / Screwfix | White vinegar spray: Apply, leave 30 mins, scrub. Only kills surface – algae returns in 2-4 weeks on damp walls. Temporary fix only. |
| Dry Rot (Serpula lacrymans – Structural) | Lignum Pro D156 Boron Fungicide | Boron Compounds (Fungicide) | Injectable concentrate or brush-on to affected timber | Must treat immediately. Boron is low-toxicity to humans but timber must dry out (2-4 weeks fan-assisted). Can remain in home but avoid contact with treated wood whilst wet. | Permagard / Amazon | No household alternative. Dry rot requires professional assessment and boron treatment. Boric acid powder (food-grade borax mixed with water) can be used topically but will NOT stop internal mycelium. Professional advice: dry rot is structural – call surveyor if suspected. |
| Nicotine / Tar Staining (Walls) | Zinsser B-I-N Primer Sealer (AFTER Sugar Soap wash) | Shellac-Base Primer | First: wash with Sugar Soap (alkaline detergent). Then: Prime with 2 coats Zinsser | Immediate (primer is dry within 1-2 hours per coat). Fumes moderate, ventilate 2 hours. Habitable after drying. Paint over to finish. | Screwfix / Toolstation / Amazon | Sugar Soap alone (Concentrated): Scrub walls repeatedly with hot water. Removes surface stain but odour persists in plaster. Zinsser sealing mandatory for permanent odour lock. Sugar Soap is cleaning step only, not a seal. |
| Soot / Fire Damage Residue | Sugar Soap (Concentrated) first, then Zinsser B-I-N | Alkaline Detergent (then Shellac) | Scrub with Sugar Soap solution, rinse thoroughly, allow to dry, apply Zinsser primer | Immediate (Sugar Soap = non-toxic, water-based). Zinsser = 2 hours ventilation, then habitable. | B&Q / Wickes / Screwfix / Amazon | White vinegar wash (50% solution): Scrub soot, neutralises alkalinity. Must follow with primer seal or staining returns. Sugar Soap superior for soot removal. |
Chart 1E: Mineral & Chemical Contamination
| Hazard / Contaminant | Product (OTC) | Active Agent | Type / Application | Safe For / Re-Entry | Retailer | Alternative |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Limescale (Hard Water Stains – Toilet/Sink) | Harpic Power Plus 100% – strong hydrochloric acid descaler (9–10% HCl) | Hydrochloric Acid (9-10% concentration) | Pour into toilet, leave 30 mins, scrub with brush | Immediate (rinse thoroughly). Keep children/pets away whilst wet. Fumes are harsh. Safe after rinsing. | Tesco / Asda / Sainsbury’s | White vinegar poured neat: Leave 2 hours, scrub hard. White vinegar is a softer, non‑toxic option for light or early limescale. For heavy, long‑term scale, Harpic or an equivalent acid descaler above is normally required. |
| Blocked Drain (Grease) | Caustic Soda (Sodium Hydroxide Granules) OR HG Duo Unblocker (2 part Liquid Caustic – heavy‑duty) | Lye / Alkali (Sodium or Potassium Hydroxide – highly caustic) | Granules: Pour granules down drain, add boiling water, leave 1 hour, flush with boiling water. HG Duo Unblocker (2 part): Pour as per labels, leave specified dwell time, then flush thoroughly with hot water. | Immediate. NO ventilation needed (no fumes). Drain is safe after flushing. | Hardware Stores / Amazon | Baking soda + white vinegar: Pour baking soda, follow with vinegar, cover drain, leave 1 hour, flush with boiling water. INEFFECTIVE for grease clogs (does not break down fats). Use only for light odour or minor hair clogs where caustic products are unavailable; Caustic Soda / HG Duo Unblocker or their slightly less powerful HG Plug & Drain Unblocker are the correct products for heavy grease. |
| Blocked Drain (Hair/Organic) | Invade Bio Drain OR Ecozone Enzyme Drain Cleaner | Bacillus thuringiensis (Microbial) OR Plant Enzymes | Pour gel/liquid down drain, leave overnight or 4-6 hours, flush | Immediate (safe biological product). Can use drain after product sits. | Amazon / Trade Suppliers | Baking soda + white vinegar + boiling water: This DOES work for hair clogs (mechanical fizz + acid). Pour baking soda, vinegar, cover, wait 1 hour, flush with boiling water. Cost-effective for minor clogs. Professional note: enzyme products are superior for recurring biofilm (fly breeding), enzyme drain products are the primary tool. |
| Sticky Adhesive Residue (Tape/Labels on Walls) | HG Sticker Remover | Solvent (Limonene-Based) | Spray or apply with cloth, leave 5-10 mins, peel off | Immediate (low toxicity). Air room 30 mins for fume dissipation. | B&Q / Homebase / Amazon | White spirit (Paint Thinner) OR Eucalyptus Oil: Dab with cloth, leave 10 mins, rub off. Less pleasant smell than HG but effective. Requires more scrubbing. |
SECTION 2: LIVING, DEAD & TRANSFORMING ORGANISMS (PESTS)
Chart 2A: Flying Insects (Diptera & Hymenoptera)
| Pest / Organism (Stage) | Product (OTC) | Active Agent | Type / Application | Safe For / Re-Entry | Retailer | Alternative |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| House Fly (Musca domestica) – Adults (Flying) | Digrain C40 WP – heavy‑duty wettable‑powder residual insecticide | Cypermethrin 40% (Wettable Powder) | Mix powder with water (follow label), spray walls/ceilings/light fittings with pump sprayer | Immediate (dries clear, no odour). Exit room for 1 hour while surfaces wet. Can re-enter after drying. Residual kill lasts 4 weeks. | PestFix / Restormate / 1Env | No viable household alternative. Aerosol fly spray (pyrethrin-based) from supermarkets kills adults on contact but has NO residual action. C40 WP superior. Professional note: Do NOT use Digrain in kitchens on food-prep surfaces; must be post-cleanup only. |
| Bluebottle (Calliphora vomitoria) – Adults | Digrain C40 WP OR Pest Expert Formula C+ – trade‑grade residual sprays | Cypermethrin | Same application as House Fly | Immediate, 1 hour drying. Residual 4 weeks. Habitable during drying if ventilated. | PestFix / Amazon / Pest Expert | Supermarket aerosol pyrethrin spray works for immediate knockdown but no residual. |
| Cluster Fly (Musca autumnalis) – Hibernating (Attic/Void) | Pest Expert Formula P Fogger | Permethrin Smoke | Discharge full aerosol in sealed space (loft/void), leave sealed 3-4 hours, ventilate 1 hour | NOT HABITABLE during fogging. Must vacate attic/sealed space for 4 hours. Can re-enter home/building after ventilation. Kills thousands of dormant flies. | Pest Expert / Amazon | No viable alternative.Foggers are mandatory for cluster flies in voids. Manual spraying of attics is inefficient and should be treated as an emergency stop‑gap only if foggers are unavailable. |
| Fruit Fly (Drosophila melanogastery) – Swarming (Kitchen) | Super Ninja Fruit Fly Trap | Acetic Acid Attractant + Surfactant Trap | Place sticky traps near sink/bins, replace weekly | Immediate (non-toxic, passive trap). NO re-entry delay. Can remain in kitchen during use. | Amazon / Nisbets / B&Q | DIY vinegar trap: Place open container with apple cider vinegar + drop of dish soap, cover with cling film (poke holes). Flies enter, drown. Cost-effective but slower than commercial traps. Professional advice: Traps only control population; source (decomposing fruit/drains) must be eliminated. |
| Drain Fly (Psychodidae) – Larvae in Pipes | Invade Bio Drain OR Ecozone Enzyme Drain Gel | Bacillus thuringiensis (Microbial Larvicide) | Pour gel down affected drain, leave 4-6 hours or overnight, flush with boiling water | Immediate (biological, non-toxic). Drain is usable after treatment. Can use bathroom/kitchen during treatment. | Amazon / Trade Suppliers | Baking soda + white vinegar + boiling water (nightly for 1 week): Pour baking soda down drain, add vinegar, cover, wait 30 mins, flush with boiling water. Repeat nightly. Slower but effective – kills biofilm where larvae breed. Professional note: Drain flies require drain biofilm removal; just killing larvae = temporary fix. Enzyme product superior. |
| German Wasp (Vespula vulgaris) – Nest (Attic/Eaves) | Nippon Wasp Nest Destroyer Foam | Permethrin + Tetramethrin Foam | Inject aerosol foam into nest entrance, retreat if nest re-emerges in 2-3 days | Immediate (foam sticks, doesn’t fill room with gas). Exit room for 30 mins. Can re-enter after drying. Safe for neighbours (localised foam, not airborne spray). | Screwfix / Toolstation | Boiling water (if nest accessible): Pour boiling water directly into nest entrance at dawn (wasps sluggish). One-time application, no re-entry delay. Less safe than foam (risk of stings) but effective. Professional advice: Foam is safer and more reliable. |
| Hornet nests | Digrain Wasp & Hornet Destroyer OR Rentokil Wasp Powder | Cypermethrin Spray / Permethrin Dust | Spray into nest entrance at dusk, or dust powder into access point | Immediate (spray = 30 mins, powder = 1 hour). Exit 30 mins. Habitable after drying. | 1Env / B&Q / DIY Stores | Boiling water: As above. Hornets more aggressive than wasps; foam/powder safer. |
Chart 2B: Crawling Insects (Blattodea, Arachnida, Dermaptera, Isopoda, etc.)
| Pest / Organism (Stage) | Product (OTC) | Active Agent | Type / Application | Safe For / Re-Entry | Retailer | Alternative |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Blattella germanica (German Cockroach) – Adults & Nymphs | Goliath Gel Cockroach Bait | Fipronil Bait Gel (in syringes) | Place tiny dots of gel in appliance hinges, cupboard corners, cracks | Immediate (sealed bait, no spray). No re-entry delay. Can remain in kitchen during baiting. Roaches consume gel, die, and are eaten by others (cascade effect). | Pest Control Supermarket | Borax powder (Food-Grade): Dust in cracks/under appliances. Slower acting (5-7 days vs gel 2-3 days). Less effective but cheaper. Professional note: Gel baits superior due to cascade effect. Powder works only if roaches walk through it. |
| Blatta orientalis (Oriental Cockroach) – Adults & Nymphs | Pest Expert Formula C+ Advanced | Cypermethrin + Pyriproxyfen (IGR – Growth Regulator) | Spray directly on roaches and walls/cracks, dwell 1 hour | Immediate (spray dries in 1 hour). Exit room for 1 hour. Can re-enter after drying. HABITABLE after drying; IGR in product prevents egg hatching next generation. | Pest Expert / Amazon | Gel baits (Goliath) preferred over spray for cockroaches. Spray is secondary option if roaches visible. |
| Steatoda nobilis (False Widow Spider) – Adult | Xterminate Spider Killer Spray | Cypermethrin + Piperonyl Butoxide | Spray on spiders and web areas (cornices, windows), let dry | Immediate, 1-2 hours drying. Residual barrier prevents re-webbing for weeks. Can remain in room after drying. | Pest Control Supermarket / Amazon | Hoover/sweep away spider physically: No chemical needed for individual spiders in homes (false widows rarely bite). Residual spray useful only if infestation (multiple webs reappearing weekly). |
| Common House Spider | Biopren Residual Spray OR Xterminate | Pyrethroid (Water-based) | Spray window frames, skirting boards, corners | Immediate, 1 hour drying. | Amazon / DIY Stores | Physical removal (vacuum cobwebs, brush away) sufficient. Spiders beneficial (eat flies). Spray only if excessive. |
| Forficula auricularia (Earwig) | Nippon Ant & Crawling Insect Powder | Permethrin Dust | Puff powder into door frames, skirting cracks, light fittings | Immediate (no spray fumes). No re-entry delay. | Homebase / B&Q / Amazon | Diatomaceous Earth (Food-Grade) powder: Dust in cracks. Mechanical killer (cuts exoskeleton). Non-toxic, safe around pets. Slower than Permethrin but effective. |
| Armadillidium vulgare (Pill Bug / Woodlice) | Dethlac Insect Lacquer | Deltamethrin in Resin Base (Dries as Varnish) | Spray on affected areas (damp corners, under sinks), let dry to hard coat | Immediate, 2 hours drying (waterproof varnish). No re-entry delay. Residual barrier kills woodlice crossing it. | Amazon / Hardware Stores | Reduce humidity: Remove woodlice habitat (damp). Use dehumidifier or improve ventilation. No spray needed if damp resolved. Alternative if chemical-free preferred. |
| Lithobius forficatus (Stone Centipede) | OA2KI Organic Diatomaceous Earth Spray | Diatomaceous Earth (Mechanical Killer) | Spray powder into cracks/baseboards, leave undisturbed | Immediate (organic, non-toxic). No re-entry delay. | Amazon / Green Gardener | Reduce humidity + vacuum nightly: Centipedes seek damp. Fix leaks, use fans, vacuum living areas. Kills larvae (small flies) they eat. Remove food source = remove centipedes naturally. |
| Tachypodoiulus niger (Black Snake Millipede) | OA2KI Diatomaceous Earth | Diatomaceous Earth | Same application as centipedes | Immediate (organic). | Amazon / Green Gardener | Humidity control + ventilation. Millipedes indicate serious damp issue – fix source, not just kill insects. |
Chart 2C: Fleas, Ticks, Bed Bugs & Mites
| Pest / Organism (Stage) | Product (OTC) | Active Agent | Type / Application | Safe For / Re-Entry | Retailer | Alternative |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cat & Dog Flea (Ctenocephalides felis & canis) – Adults on Carpet | Indorex Defence Spray – heavy‑duty residual spray with IGR (12‑month activity) | Permethrin + Piperonyl Butoxide + Pyriproxyfen (IGR) | Spray carpets, underlay, pet bedding (NOT on pet), let dry 2-4 hours | Exit room 1-2 hours while drying. Pet can re-enter after surface dry (non-toxic once dry). Residual lasts 12 months. Kills adults AND prevents eggs/pupae from developing (IGR). | Pets at Home / Amazon / Vets | Salt + Baking Soda: Sprinkle on carpet, leave 24 hours, vacuum thoroughly. Non‑toxic and very low‑cost but significantly less effective than Indorex; expect slow, partial control only and repeat weekly for 4–6 weeks. Professional note: Indorex IGR is the game‑changer (it stops breeding by hitting eggs/larvae); the salt method only kills exposed adults and should be treated as a fallback when sprays are unavailable. |
| Flea Pupae / Eggs (In Carpet Fibres) | Indorex Defence (as above – pyriproxyfen is key) OR CritterKill Smoke Bomb | Pyriproxyfen Growth Regulator OR Permethrin Fumigant | Surface spray (Indorex preferred) OR smoke bomb in sealed room | Smoke bomb = NOT habitable during (4 hours minimum). Indorex spray = 2 hours exit, then habitable. Indorex superior for occupied homes (no need to leave house). | Pets at Home / Amazon / CritterKill | Washing/Heat Treatment: Wash all pet bedding, cushions in hot water (>60°C). Pupae killed by heat. Non-toxic, safe, effective for items that fit in washing machine. Combined with vacuum = moderate control. Professional advice: This alone will NOT eliminate flea infestation; requires follow-up spray or repeat washes every 10 days for 8 weeks. |
| Cimex lectularius (Bed Bug) – Eggs & Adults in Mattress | Pest Expert Formula C+ Bed Bug Spray – pyrethroid + IGR (professional‑strength bed bug insecticide) | Cypermethrin + Pyriproxyfen (IGR) | Spray mattress seams, bed frame, skirting boards, let dry 2-4 hours | Exit room 2-4 hours while drying. Can sleep on mattress after surface is dry (NOT wet). IGR prevents eggs hatching. Residual 3-4 weeks. Habitable after drying. | Pest Expert / Amazon | Hot water washing (if mattress removable cover): Wash at >60°C kills eggs/adults. For mattress itself: non-chemical heat treatment (hair dryer on highest setting, 30 mins per area) kills surface bugs. Professional note: Heat alone will NOT kill bugs deep in mattress layers; steam gun is better than hair dryer (penetrates deeper). Chemical spray mandatory for thorough control. |
| Bed Bugs – Alternative Product | Cimetrol Super RFU | Permethrin + Piperonyl Butoxide | Ready-to-use spray for furniture/bedding, let dry 2-4 hours | As above, 2-4 hours drying. | Pest Professionals Shop / Amazon | Chemical sprays are the primary control; heat should be used as a useful adjunct, not as a replacement for Cimetrol / Formula C+. |
| Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dust Mite) | Prochem Stain Pro (used in Hot Water Extraction) | Solvent-Based Detergent (hot water kills, detergent removes allergens) | Hire or use home carpet cleaner with hot water extraction, spray pre-treatment, extract | Immediate (water-based). Carpet must dry fully (4-6 hours fan-assisted). Steam/heat kills mites; detergent removes faeces/allergens. | CleanStore / Professional Cleaners / B&Q (Rug Doctor Hire) | Vacuuming weekly with HEPA filter: Removes ~50% of mites/allergens. Washing bedding weekly at >60°C kills mites in bed. Dehumidifier (below 50% humidity) prevents mite breeding. COMBINED approach: vacuum + wash + dehumidify + occasional steam clean. Professional note: Steam cleaning every 6 months is gold standard; weekly vacuum is minimum maintenance. |
Chart 2D: Beetles, Moths, Book Lice & Woodworm
| Pest / Organism (Stage) | Product (OTC) | Active Agent | Type / Application | Safe For / Re-Entry | Retailer | Alternative |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Xestobium rufovillosum (Deathwatch Beetle / Woodworm) – Larvae in Wood | Lignum Pro I62.5 Permethrin | Permethrin Micro-Emulsion (Insecticidal Oil) | Brush or spray onto exposed floorboards, let soak into wood, repeat if needed | Immediate (low odour). 1-2 hours light drying on surface (wood interior soaks in). Habitable whilst drying; fumes minimal. Penetrates wood to kill larvae inside. | Permagard / Amazon | Boiling water poured into flight holes: Kills larvae in tunnels. Less effective than oil (doesn’t penetrate deep) but free. White spirit rubbed on wood surface kills surface larvae only. Professional advice: Permethrin penetration mandatory for internal larvae. Boiling water = emergency measure only. |
| Anobium punctatum (Furniture Beetle) – Larvae in Wood | Barrettine Woodworm Killer | Permethrin + Boron | Brush-on concentrate (mix to spec), treat wood, repeat annually | Immediate (odorous product, ventilate 1-2 hours after treatment). Habitable after drying. Boron prevents future infestation. | Barrettine Direct / Amazon | White spirit + boiling water as above (less effective but free). Professional note: Boron component in Barrettine prevents reinfestation – White spirit does not. |
| Anthrenus verbasci (Varied Carpet Beetle) – Larvae (Wool-eating) | Pest Expert Formula P Carpet Beetle Spray (Powder format) | Permethrin Powder | Dust powder under carpet edges, furniture underside, baseboards | Immediate (powder, minimal fumes). No re-entry delay. Larvae feed in these hidden areas. | Pest Expert / Amazon | Vacuum under furniture weekly + Wash textiles: Removes larvae mechanically. Non-chemical but requires consistent effort. Professional note: Powder application is superior (targets harbourage); vacuum alone will NOT eliminate established infestation. |
| Tineola bisselliella (Clothes Moth) – Larvae (Wool/Natural Fibres) | Demi-Diamond Moth Trap OR Cedarwood Oil sachets | Pheromone Glue Trap OR Insecticidal Oil (Cedarwood) | Place pheromone traps in wardrobes (lures males to sticky trap), OR hang cedarwood sachets | Immediate (traps are passive, non-toxic). No re-entry delay. Traps are monitoring + some control; cedarwood is preventative. | Online / Supermarkets | Washing/Freezing Textiles: Wash wool at 40°C (kills eggs), freeze at -10°C for 48 hours (kills all stages). Store in airtight bags with cedar blocks. Non-chemical, effective, free if you have freezer. Professional note: Traps identify if moths are present; washing/storage prevents infestation. Cedarwood is pleasant alternative to spray. |
| Lepisma saccharina (Silverfish) | Protector C Super (Water-Based Pyrethroid) OR Biopren 6 EC | Pyrethroid (Water-based) | Spray skirting boards, damp corners, baseboards, let dry | Immediate, 1-2 hours drying. Habitable after drying. | Amazon / DIY Stores | Reduce humidity + vacuum: Silverfish thrive in damp (>75% RH). Dehumidifier, fix leaks, improve ventilation eliminates them. Boric acid powder dusted in cracks kills those present, but won’t prevent return if damp persists. Professional note: Environmental control (humidity) is primary; spray is secondary. |
| Psocoptera (Booklice / Psocid) | FabriCleanse Mould/Dust Spray | Denaturant + Anti-Fungal | Spray on affected books/papers/surfaces, let dry | Immediate (food-safe formulation). Habitable during and after. Kills the mould booklice feed on. No mould = no booklice. | Allergy Best Buys / Amazon | Reduce humidity + Direct sunlight: Booklice indicate high moisture + mould. Run dehumidifier, increase air circulation, remove mould (see Mould section). Paper items placed in sunlight kills booklice (UVB). Professional note: Spray is secondary; mould removal is primary solution. |
Chart 2E: Rodents (Rats, Mice) – Active & Dead
| Pest / Organism (Stage) | Product (OTC) | Active Agent | Type / Application | Safe For / Re-Entry | Retailer | Alternative |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rattus norvegicus (Brown Rat) – Live/Active | Roshield Pasta Bait (Brodifacoum 0.0025%) – single‑feed professional‑strength rodenticide (maximum legal strength for public use) | Brodifacoum Single-Feed Anticoagulant | Place bait blocks in tamper-resistant bait boxes (critical for safety), position along walls/suspected routes | Immediate (bait is in sealed box, safe from accidental contact). No re-entry delay. Rats consume bait, return to harborage, die 3-5 days later. Legal max strength for amateur use. | Amazon / Roshield Direct | Snap traps + peanut butter bait: Set along walls where droppings visible. Non-toxic (mechanical kill), immediate kill vs 5-day wait with poison. Cheaper but requires daily checking and disposal. Professional note: Poison in tamper-resistant boxes is safer in occupied homes with children/pets. Snap traps in secured location preferred by many professionals. |
| Mus musculus (House Mouse) – Live/Active | Roshield Pasta Bait (Brodifacoum 0.0025%) – single‑feed rodenticide for mice (effective on warfarin‑resistant strains) | Brodifacoum | Place in tamper boxes, same application as rats (smaller portions for mice) | As above. Effective on warfarin-resistant mice. | Amazon / Roshield Direct | Snap traps (same as above). Drown traps (bucket + ramp with peanut butter) = humane but slower. |
| Rat Droppings / Faeces – Pathogenic (Leptospirosis/Hantavirus Risk) | Byotrol 4-in-1 OR Formula 429 | Biocidal Polymer / Antiviral | CRITICAL: Spray/soak droppings FIRST (wet them down thoroughly), wait 5 mins, THEN wipe up with cloth, dispose in bin. DO NOT vacuum dry. | Immediate (once cleaned and disposed). Ventilate 30 mins. Habitable after. Byotrol kills Hantavirus on contact. | Amazon / Cleaning Supplies 4U | Bleach (50% concentration) poured onto droppings: Soak for 5 mins, wipe up, dispose. Non-professional alternative to Byotrol (bleach kills viruses) but toxic smell. Professional consensus: Byotrol is industry standard (known to kill Leptospirosis/Hantavirus specifically). Bleach works but less reliable. Never vacuum dry droppings under any circumstance. |
| Dead Carcass Odour (Carcass Location Unknown) | SmellAway Odour Absorber (Activated Carbon) OR Virkon S Spray on residue area | Activated Carbon (Passive) OR Peroxygen Oxidiser | Carbon bags: place in room, leave 48 hours, replace as needed. Virkon: mix with water, drench suspected area, ventilate 4 hours | Carbon bags = immediate, no ventilation. Virkon = 4 hours ventilation. Carbon passive; Virkon active treatment. | Amazon / SmellAway Direct / Agricultural Suppliers | Baking soda powder: Sprinkle throughout room, leave 24 hours, vacuum. Cost-free, safe, effective for mild odour. For strong odour, baking soda is insufficient – carbon bags essential. Professional note: Baking soda buys time whilst carcass location is found. Carbon bags are next step if carcass is not found. |
SECTION 3: CONSOLIDATED RETAILER DIRECTORY
| Retailer Type | Specific Outlets | Stock Focus | Website / How to Find |
|---|---|---|---|
| Supermarkets (Domestic Grade) | Tesco, Asda, Sainsbury’s, Morrisons | Harpic 100%, Jeyes Fluid, Sugar Soap only. NO trade products. | In-store or online shopping (tesco.com, asda.com, etc.) |
| DIY Megastores | B&Q, Wickes, Screwfix, Toolstation | Zinsser B-I-N, Sika/Patio Magic, Rentokil Wasp Powder, HG products, Evans Oven Cleaner, Dethlac, Diatomaceous Earth | Online + physical stores |
| Online Marketplaces (Comprehensive) | Amazon UK, eBay. | Almost entire chart above (Evans Vanodine, Prochem, Chemspec, Pest Expert, Roshield, Indorex, all biocides, all sprays) | amazon.co.uk – search by product name |
| Specialist Janitorial / Trade | CleanStore, World of Clean, Restormate, Alliance UK, Nisbets | Evans Vanodine Lift, Prochem Urine Neutraliser, Chemspec Enz-All, Jangro, Suma Bac, specialised enzyme/degreaser ranges | Online (cleanstore.co.uk, etc.) – public accessible |
| Specialist Pest Control Retailers | Pest Expert Direct, Roshield Direct, Pest Control Supermarket, PestFix, CritterKill | All insecticides (Formula C+, Cimetrol, Digrain, Indorex, Roshield, Xterminate), all rodenticides, pheromone traps | Online – public accessible, no license required |
| Agricultural / Veterinary Suppliers | Viovet, Agricultural wholesalers (region-dependent), Permagard, Barrettine | Virkon S, Suma Bac D10, Woodworm treatments (Permagard/Barrettine), sometimes Roshield | Online + regional suppliers |
| Hardware / Paint Specialists | Local independent hardware shops, paint suppliers | Zinsser, Barrettine, Sugar Soap, HG, regional brands | Google “[Your town] hardware shop” or “[Brand name] stockist UK” |
| Pet Retailers | Pets at Home, Vets (special order), Online pet suppliers | Indorex Defence, Urine Off, enzymatic cleaners (Bac-Out, Nature’s Miracle) | Pets at Home (in-store + online) |
SECTION 4: SAFETY, RE-ENTRY & VENTILATION PROTOCOL
General Rules (Apply to All Products)
Caustic/Acid Products (Evans Lift, Harpic, Sugar Soap): Wear nitrile gloves + indirect-vent goggles. Ventilate 2 hours post-application. Surface must be rinsed. No skin contact.
Enzyme Cleaners (Chemspec, Prochem, etc.): Must have “dwell time” (15-30 mins) whilst still wet. Do NOT apply and immediately wipe. Allow enzymes to work.
Insecticides (Spray format – Digrain, Formula C+, etc.): Exit treated room for 1-2 hours while surfaces dry. Once dry (visual inspection = no wet sheen), room is safe to re-enter. HABITABLE during drying if ventilated (open windows).
Insecticide Foggers (Smoke Bombs): NOT habitable during fogging. Leave house/seal area for minimum 3-4 hours, ventilate fully before re-entry.
Biocides/Disinfectants (Virkon S, Byotrol): Ventilate 2-4 hours. Non-toxic to skin but respiratory irritation if inhaled in high concentration.
Ammonia-Based Products + Urine Treatments: These should NEVER be mixed with bleach, as this can create toxic chloramine gas. Always deal with urine contamination separately and fully rinse or allow any acidic urine neutraliser (for example Prochem B153) to dry before using bleach in the same area.
All Liquid Spills (Blood, Faeces, Vomit): ALWAYS use absorbent powder FIRST (Sanitaire, baking soda, salt) to solidify before wiping. Wiping liquid directly spreads contamination.
Re-Entry Times (Summary)
| Product Type | Drying Time | Habitable (Safe to Remain) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Enzymes (Chemspec, Prochem) | 2 hours | Yes, after 2 hours | Dwell time DURING application (15-30 mins), then ventilate |
| Surface Sprays (Digrain, Formula C+) | 1-2 hours | Yes, after 1-2 hours | Exit during drying, no health risk once dry |
| Caustic (Evans Lift, Harpic) | 2 hours | Yes, after 2 hours rinsed | Must rinse caustic residue before re-entry |
| Fungicides (ACS Mould Wash) | 1-2 hours | Yes, after 1-2 hours | Ventilate to clear fumes |
| Smoke Bombs (Fogging) | 3-4 hours sealed | NO – Must vacate | Requires sealed space + full ventilation post-fogging |
| Odour Absorbers (Carbon bags, Baking Soda) | N/A (passive) | Immediate | No chemicals; completely safe during use |
| Biocide/Disinfectant (Virkon, Byotrol) | 2-4 hours | Yes, after ventilation | Respiratory irritant whilst wet; safe once dry |
END OF REFERENCE
DISCLAIMER: This reference simply sets out my own experience, research, and personal opinions in a format that others can see. It does not constitute professional, technical, medical, or legal advice, and nothing in it should be interpreted as advice or as a recommendation to take any particular action in any particular situation. If you choose to act on, follow, or make use of anything in this document, you do so entirely at your own risk, on your own initiative, and based solely on your own judgement. You must independently verify all information, read product labels in full, and strictly follow the manufacturer’s instructions, including all requirements for personal protective equipment (such as gloves, eye protection, suitable clothing, and any specified respirator or mask), ventilation, handling, storage, and disposal. You are solely responsible for your own decisions, actions, and omissions; I do not accept and expressly disclaim any responsibility or liability for any loss, damage, injury, illness, legal issue, or other consequence arising from your decision to rely on, use, or act on this reference, whether or not you also seek professional advice. All products mentioned are, to the best of my understanding, generally available in the UK without specialist trade licences, but availability, formulations, safety guidance, and legal status can change and must always be checked directly with the manufacturer, retailer, and/or an appropriately qualified professional before use.